[标准VOA]美批准反恐监视计划(1)[080625]

作者：VOA | 沪江听说VOA美国之音时间：3年前 | 阅读：2546次 | [划词　　　]

US House of Representatives Approves Foreign Surveillance Bill (1/2)

标准VOA,听写,英语,VOA,美国

In crafting the latest revision of the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), House and Senate lawmakers gave President Bush much of what he sought during months of tough negotiations.
　
The president wanted telecommunications companies they cooperated with the government's counter-terrorist surveillance program he approved after the September 2001 terrorist attacks to received ritual act of immunity from prosecution.
　
The program, which involves surveillance of terror suspects without a court warrant, triggered widespread protests and at least 40 lawsuits alleging violations of civil liberties. The program was publicly revealed in media reports in 2005.

The new legislation, which passed the house by a vote of 293-129, does not grant blanket immunity to the telecommunitations companies, but does provide for court review of certifications from the U.S. attorney general that companies acted under presidential orders. A judge could then dismiss a lawsuit.
　
Among key points of the new law, electronic eavesdropping without court approval would be permitted in what are designated as emergencies, allowing the government to submit justifications within one week.

参考译文：

美国参众两院议员在对1978年制定的外国情报监听法做最新修改时，增补了一些内容，这正是布什总统在历时几个月的艰难谈判过程中想要获得的结果。

布什要求之前曾在911之后的政府反恐监视计划中参与合作的美国电信公司能自动获得司法豁免权。

这项计划包括了在没有法庭许可权的前提下对恐怖嫌疑人的监视，这激起了大规模的抗议。至少有40件诉讼是抗议（这项计划对）公民自由权的侵害。在2005年，媒体报道里曾公开泄露了这项计划（的内容）。

众议院以293票对129票通过的新法案并没有特许电话公司拥有司法豁免权，但是却允许法庭审阅美国总检察长提供的证明书，证明电话公司的行为是奉总统的命令。法官可以拒绝受理这样（对电话公司）的诉讼。

在这项新法案的关键点中，在紧急事件发生时，未经法院同意的电子窃听将被允许，这让政府有近一周的时间提交正当理由。