Vaccine a Big Success Against Meningitis in Uganda (2/2)

Scientists from the government, the World Health Organization, a French agency and others have been studying the campaign. They estimate that the program now prevents thirty thousand severe infections and five thousand deaths in children under five each year. Their report is to be published next month in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

The GAVI Alliance paid for the vaccines. GAVI was formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. This alliance of private and public interests was created in two thousand to widen the availability of immunizations. With GAVI support, Uganda provided sixteen and a half million doses of Hib vaccine nationwide from two thousand two to two thousand six.

Other studies have found similar results with Hib vaccines in countries including Bangladesh, Kenya and Gambia. But the executive secretary of the alliance, Julian Lob-Levyt, says this is the first time the group has seen rates drop to zero.

Uganda chose to use an injection that contains vaccines against five diseases: Hib as well as diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and hepatitis B.In November, the GAVI board approved additional financing to pay for Hib vaccine in a total of forty-four countries.

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来自政府、世界卫生组织、一家法国机构以及其他一些机构的科学家们研究了这次活动。他们预计在5岁以下儿童中，这项活动现在每年能预防3万例严重感染以及5千例死亡。他们的报告将于下个月发表在《世界卫生组织通报》（Bulletin of the World Health Organization）上。

GAVI联盟支付了疫苗的费用。GAVI的前身是全球疫苗免疫联盟。这个联盟由私人和政府联合创办于2000年，旨在扩大免疫的实用性。在GAVI的支持下，乌干达在2002年到2006年间向全国提供了1650万剂B型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疫苗。

其他的研究也发现，用于孟加拉国、肯尼亚和冈比亚等国的B型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗有着类似的效果。但是联盟的执行秘书Julian Lob-Levyt说，这是首次出现发病率降为0的情况。

乌干达选用的针剂包含了针对5种疾病的疫苗。这5种疾病分别是：B型流感嗜血杆菌、白喉、百日咳、破伤风和乙肝。GAVI董事会已在11月份批准了用于支付B型嗜血杆菌流感疫苗的额外资金，这些疫苗惠及了总共44个国家。

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