Children, Self-Control and 'Executive Function'(1/2)

Executive function. What do you suppose that is? Mental health professionals, educators and others use this term when talking about ways that people exercise self-control. Executive function involves the skills we need to organize our lives.

Experts at the National Center for Learning Disabilities say we use executive function to study situations, plan, act and change our minds. They say problems with executive function are strongly linked to attention deficits and learning disabilities.

All of these problems can have some of the same signs -- for example, trouble with working memory. What is working memory? This term is commonly used now in place of short-term memory. It describes the brain's ability to store recent information temporarily, but also to use and make sense of it.

Researchers say good executive function is important for success in school. Students with poor executive function need help to organize research. They have serious trouble deciding which of two or three tasks to do first. They have difficulty changing tasks or working on one project for a long period of time.

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执行效能，你觉得它是什么呢？心理健康专家，教育者和其他的一些人在谈论人们练习自我控制的方法时会用这个术语。执行效能包括组织我们生活所需的技巧。

国家学习障碍研究中心的专家表示我们利用执行效能来研究处境，计划，行为和改变主意。他们认为执行效能问题与注意力缺乏，学习障碍息息相关。

所有的这些问题都有一些相同的表现——例如，工作记忆。什么是工作记忆？现在这个术语常用来代替短时记忆。它描述了大脑存储近期短暂性信息的能力，但也表示大脑利用和解析的能力。

研究者表示好的执行效能对于在学校里的成功是很重要的。执行效能差的学生需要组织研究的帮助。他们在2项或3项工作中，很难决定那项先做。同时他们也难于改变任务或长时间坚持做一件事。

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