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发展与贫穷(1)【沪江慢速VOA080310】

作者:VOA | 沪江听说VOA美国之音 时间:1年前 | 阅读:1956次 | [划词   ]
一些专家认为支付某物的举动会使人们珍视这件东西并多加利用它。世界卫生组织在去年八月提出免费为非洲一些地区提供蚊帐。

【生词摘录】
mosquito n.蚊子
malaria n.疟疾, 瘴气

Questioning a Popular Approach to Lasting Development(1/2)

If you give something to someone for free, will that person value it and use it? Development experts have debated this question for decades. Some say the act of paying causes people to value something and use it more. Others argue that selling necessary health treatments may deny them to the people who need them the most.

Consider, for example, chemically treated bed nets. These bed nets kill mosquitoes and protect people against malaria while they are sleeping. New York University economist William Easterly says this is one example of development gone wrong. In a recent book, Professor Easterly suggests bed nets given freely in Africa are often used for the wrong purpose.

Yet, the World Health Organization recommends bed nets be given out freely and used by whole communities. The success of a large free bed net campaign in Kenya led the W.H.O. to announce this recommendation last August.

This debate will likely influence social programs in the developing world. Many non-governmental organizations support the creation of self-sustaining programs in poor countries. Goods and services are sold for a price to help these programs survive.

参考译文:

如果你免费送给别人一件东西,那个人会珍惜它,使用它吗?发展学家已经对这个问题展开了几十年的讨论。一些专家认为支付某物的举动会使人们珍视这件东西并多加利用它。其他的一些专家争辩说出售必要的健康治疗品可能会使那些最需要它的人反而得不到它。

例如,想象一下经化学处理的蚊帐。这些蚊帐能够在人们睡觉时杀灭蚊子并保护人们远离疟疾。纽约大学的经济学家威廉埃斯特里表示,这是发展被带入歧途的一个例证。在近期的一本书中,埃斯特里教授表示那些赠与非洲的免费蚊帐常常被人们错误使用。

然而世界卫生组织建议免费提供蚊帐并使得整个地区都用得上蚊帐。一个大型免费蚊帐赞助活动的成功促使了世界卫生组织在去年八月提出了这个建议。

争论可能会影响到发展中国家的社会项目。许多非政府组织支持贫困国家开展自谋生计的项目。相关的物品和服务都以一定价格出售来维持这些项目的发展。

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