注意缺陷障碍(1)【沪江慢速VOA080306】
What to Do About ADHD in Children?(1/2)
We continue our series on learning disabilities with a problem that is not considered a learning disability by itself, but it can af fect learning. Our subject is attention deficit disorder, A.D.D., and the related form A.D.H.D., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. These affect an estimated five to ten percent of children worldwide.
Children who forget easily and never seem to finish tasks or pay attention might be found to have A.D.D. If, in addition, they seem overly active and unable to control their behavior, a doctor might say it is A.D.H.D.
Experts say the cause involves a chemical imbalance in the brain. It can affect not only school, but also personal relationships and the ability to keep a job later in life. Many of those affected also have learning disabilities or suffer from depression.
Medicines can produce calmer, clearer thinking for periods of time. But the drugs can also have side effects like weight loss and sleep problems. And there is debate about the morality of medicating children. Susan Smalley is a psychiatry professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. She just led a study of A.D.H.D. in northern Finland.
参考译文：
我们继续有关学习功能障碍的系列报道,这个问题不被认为是自身的学习障碍,但是却对学习有影响.我们的主题是注意缺陷障碍,A.D.D和相关形式A.D.H.D.,即注意缺陷多动障碍.这些病症影响着全世界大约百分之五到百分之十的儿童.
那些很容易忘事且看上去从未完成任务或集中注意力的孩子可能就患有A.D.D(注意缺陷障碍).此外,如果他们看上去过度活跃且无法控制自己的行为,那医生可能会说这是A.D.H.D.(注意缺陷多动障碍).
专家说该病可能与脑内化学因子失衡相关.这不仅能影响学校教育,还能影响到人际关系以及在今后生活中维持工作的能力.许多受到这些病症影响的孩子也有学习障碍或是患有抑郁症.
药物可以在某些时段使思维更平静更清晰.但这些药物也会产生诸如体重减轻和睡眠问题等副作用.对于给孩子们用药物治疗引起了一场道德辩论.苏珊.斯莫利是洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学的一位精神病治疗法教授，她刚负责一个对芬兰北部地区A.D.H.D的研究。
TAG: voa,voa下载,voa慢速英语,voa英语,voa news,voa english,voa special,voa听力,美国之音
