New Findings About Husbands, Wives and AIDS (2/2)

How does Vinod Mishra explain these findings? More women could be entering marriage already infected, he says. Or they could be getting H.I.V. from non-sexual causes. Maybe they received an injection with a needle that had been used before on someone with H.I.V.

But the researcher does not think these are the main explanations. He says there is clear evidence that a majority of women are getting infected within marriage from a person other than their husband.

AIDS prevention campaigns to change behavior have been aimed mostly at men. After all, men generally have been considered the main source for the spread of H.I.V. This thinking has been guided in part by the theories of AIDS investigators based on people's own reports about their sexual behavior.

But Vinod Mishra says one possibility is that women are not fully reporting their sexual histories. He says more research is needed before there can be any firm theories about H.I.V. infections and marriage. This issue is not about who is to blame, he tells us, but instead about saving lives and developing the best AIDS programs possible.

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如何解释这些发现呢？维诺德米西拉说更多的妇女是在结婚时就发现已染病。或许她们是通过非性接触途径感染上H.I.V,又也许是她们在接受注射时使用的针头是某个HIV感染者用过的。

但维诺德认为这些都不是主要的原因。他说有很明显的证据表明大部分妇女是同异性但非丈夫的性行为中感染上病毒的。

致力于改变行为方式的爱滋病防护运动一直以来主要针对男性。毕竟男人通常被认为是H.I.V主要的传播源。这种想法部分受到爱滋病调查专家基于人们个人性行为报告研究所得的理论的引导。

但是维诺德表示有一种可能是妇女并没有完全说明自己的性行为历史。他表示在建立H.I.V,传染病和婚姻之间关系的理论之前，需要进行更多的研究。他告诉我们，这些问题不是为了指出谁该受到谴责，而是拯救生命和设法研究出最好的爱滋病防治方法。